ABSTRACT
Muhammad Ilyās. The latter believed that Muslims should genuinely feel that they are Muslims and this involved a real study of the religion of Islam. The dhikr (q.v.) was used with a preference for individual prayer rather than communal recitation and the movement stressed the need for simplicity of life. One of the more unusual aspects of the movement's principles was that of donation of time for preaching. The Faith Movement started in 1345-6/1927 in Mewat, south of Delhi (q.v.), and has continued to expand. (See Ilyās, Mawlānā Muhammad; Tasawwuf.)
al-Fajr (Ar.) The title of the 89th sura of the Qur'ān; it means 'The Dawn'. The sura belongs to the Meccan period and has 30 verses. Its title comes from the oath in the 1st verse 'By the dawn'. The first verses remind man of the divine punishments inflicted on the tribe of 'Ād (q.v.), Iram of the Pillars (q.v.), the tribe of Thamūd (q.v.) and Pharaoh. Man will remember God when he sees the terrors which precede the Last Judgement. (See Fir'awn; al-Hisāb; Yawm al-Qiyāma.)
al-Fajr, Salāt (Ar.) The Dawn Prayer, the Morning Prayer. (See Salāt.)
al-Falaq (Ar.) The title of the 113th sura of the Qur'ān; it means 'The Dawn' or 'The Daybreak'. The sura belongs to the Meccan period and has 5 verses. It is the penultimate sura of the Qur'ān. Its title is drawn from the 1st verse where God is referred to as 'The Lord of the dawn' (Rabb al-falaq). The whole sura is a plea for protection by God from a variety of evils including darkness, vicious women (or witches) and enviers.
