African Americans and Certified Public Accounting

While there has been little attention to the shortage of African Americans in the profession (for exceptions, see Mitchell 1969; Hammond 2002), those studies that do exist indicate that, throughout the history of cer-tified public accountancy, racial discrimination has prevented African Americans from full participation in the field and, despite some progress since the 1960s, the percentage of CPAs who are African American has never exceeded 1 per cent.