ABSTRACT
If one looks at the history of corrections, one sees that most – if not all – innovations in corrections have been greeted with enthusiasm and great expectations. The ‘crime problem’ was going to yield to the penitentiary, the reformatory, indeterminate sentences, probation, intensive probation supervision and boot camps – to cite only a few of the best-known examples of major changes. So far, crime has proven quite resilient and the innovations, although they never lived up to the expectations of their creators, have become part of the criminal justice system despite their disappointing impacts on the ‘crime problem’.
