ABSTRACT
CLIMATE CHANGE is framed very differently by scientists and policymakers in industrialized countries of the Northern Hemisphere compared with their counterparts in developing countries of the Southern Hemisphere (see, e.g. Ogunseitan 2003). The discussion has focused largely on normative issues surrounding equitable assignment of causes, consequences, and costs according to particular economic, technological, or political boundaries (e.g., Baer et al. 2000). Relatively meager attention has been dedicated to understanding assessment processes involving scientists and policymakers in developing countries where disagreements in the negotiations over normative issues have either been settled satisfactorily or set aside for a variety of reasons (Anya 1993; Miller 1998). A retrospective analysis of such assessments can provide valuable insight into design options for framing, participation, and the science–policy interface that may influence the course and outcome of international environmental cooperation. The outcome of such analysis can reveal design parameters that distinguish among alternative outcomes of assessments in terms of their effectiveness, ultimately determined by whether specific program objectives were achieved by participating countries.
