ABSTRACT
Coastal cities are sites of economic activity and centres of human and technological development for the entire world economy and their respective nations. Their location ensures accessibility to assets within and outside their borders, while increasing their vulnerability to current and potential climate hazards such as cyclones, intense precipitation, flooding, sea-level rise, and coastal erosion and sedimentation. City authorities are confronted with the duty to protect their cities from such hazards; thus, their governing capacity for applying mitigating and adaptive measures to climate changes is constantly challenged.
