ABSTRACT
Climate change has multiple direct and indirect consequences for human health—all of which are important. Climate change also threatens to disrupt Earth’s life-support systems that underlie health and well-being. After all, human health and well-being basically depend on the health of crop systems, forests, other animals, and marine life. Health is the final common pathway for environmental and social conditions. Thus, the well-documented threats that climate change holds for societies and for ecosystems—for coral reefs, forests, and agriculture—ultimately pose the greatest long-term threats to health, nutrition, and well-being. 1
