ABSTRACT
What forms the character of a human being? What makes a man act as he does? What forces govern all the activities of the human mind? These are the fundamental questions which psychology tries to answer. So many people are now exploring them and there are so many theories that we are apt to feel confused. Some people assume that the life of each individual is determined by the experiences and desires of his ancestors (Jung). Others regard the Psyche as the battlefield of the most various instincts, corresponding to various forms of the sexual instinct (The Psycho-Analysis of Freud). Many think that the most complicated behaviour patterns are the outcome of the automatic action of certain reflex mechanisms, which are built up and maintained by habit (The Reflexology of Bechterev). Others look upon man with all his functions as the mere product of his environment, which through the medium of education directs his behaviour (The Behaviourism of Watson). A number of other theories have been advanced by different pioneers in order to explain psychic phenomena. The leading idea of the Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler is found in his recognition of the importance of human society, not only for the development of
individual character, but also for the orientation of every single action and emotion in the life of a human being.
