Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the challenge of regionalism in the

Pre-1990s writings on the international politics of Southeast Asia rarely strayed outside the realist camp, and on the whole Southeast Asia provoked little theoretical debate. However, ‘in the 1990s, Southeast Asia generated more theoretical interest as the realist orthodoxy was confronted with a twofold challenge: liberal institutionalism and institutional constructivism’ (Rüland 2000: 421-22).