ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights the various ways that the body's normal regulatory functions are in some way damaged or affected within specific disease processes. In order to accomplish this, one must understand the role of pro-inflammatory cells, as well as immunological cells that play a role in specific disease processes. A number of pro-inflammatory mediators have been documented in diabetic renal tissue. There are multiple ways in which a pro-inflammatory state can lead to an increase in cellular aging. Dysregulation of pro-inflammatory molecules and cells can lead to various disease processes as well. One dysregulation of this intestinal border of note is irritable bowel disease (IBD). In the cases of IBD and cardiovascular disease, the body fails to diminish the inflammatory response. At sites of injury, inflammatory cells and local cells alike release inflammatory markers that increase oxidative stress, damaging tissue and leading to atherosclerosis of vessels.
