ABSTRACT
Throughout human history, most official terrestrial cartography was militar ily, commercially and politically motivated and the purview of the world’s most powerful nations. Indeed when, in 1846, Ireland became the first coun try in the world to be mapped at a resolution of 6 inches to 1 mile (1:10,560) by the British Army it was for the purposes of land taxation (Andrews, 1975; Cadhla and Cuív, 2007). Similarly, most seabed maps were, initially, produced by the world’s maritime superpowers for sovereign purposes (Reidy and Rozwadowski, 2014). Nonetheless, some mapping was driven by scientific
CONTENTS
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 17 2.1.1 The Irish Case: From Deep Waters to Coastal Areas .................. 19
2.2 Ship Borne Seafloor Mapping ....................................................................23 2.2.1 Planning ............................................................................................23 2.2.2 Navigation and Positioning ............................................................25 2.2.3 Sensors ...............................................................................................25 2.2.4 Processing ......................................................................................... 26
2.3 Satellite Derived Bathymetry .....................................................................28 2.4 Recent Technological Advances ................................................................. 29
2.4.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ............................................................ 29 2.4.2 Synthetic Aperture Sonar ...............................................................30 2.4.3 Autonomous Surface Vehicles ........................................................30
