ABSTRACT
Among the renewable phytogenous resources, peat is a unique natural formation, which combines properties of the peat-forming plants and products of their biodegradation. It is humic substances that determine the main properties of peat. It is considered that the sorption properties of humic substances are caused, only, by the presence of ion-exchange groups, primarily carboxyl. However, the amount of ammonia gas adsorbed by peat exceeds its ion-exchange capacity by several times. Mechanism of extra-equivalent adsorption was studied in this paper. This investigation enables to develop the theoretical foundations of directed peat modification and production of highly efficient sorbents for the purification of air on its base. The high-moor peat has been consistently disassembled into individual organic components, which have been studied by IR- and EPR-spectroscopy methods. Extra-equivalent ammonia sorption of peat due to energetically favorable formation of bridging hydrogen and the donor-acceptor bonds by its molecules with polyconjugated fragments was shown. Scientific base of obtaining of peat-based sorbents for the purification of air was developed.
