ABSTRACT
Electrochemical analysis in liquid solutions is concerned with the measurement of electrical quantities, such as potential, current, and charge, to gain information about the composition of the solution and the reaction kinetics of its components. In electrochemistry, electrodes are devices for the detection of charge transfer and charge separation at phase boundaries or for the generation and variation of the charge transfer and separation with an impressed current across the phase boundary. Electrodes are termed reversible electrodes if they transfer electrons and ions with negligible impedance. Ideally, the reference electrode should not cause chemical changes in the sample solution, or vice versa. Aqueous solutions are of major concern in electrochemistry because of their hydrogen ion content. The calomel electrode is most common of all reference electrodes. Voltammetric measurements are usually performed with a cell arrangement of three electrodes. The chemical inertness is also important for the choice of the working electrode because the electrode must not change during the measurement.
