ABSTRACT
The application of geoeconomic activities has changed from the end of the Cold War as a US strategy to isolate Russia. For those who review scholarly literature, it is possible to imagine the development of applied geoeconomics as divided into three dominant periods. In the mid-to-late 1990s through the 2000s, a period of relative peace and cooperation between and among developed countries, trade agreements encouraged global integration. Geoeconomic analysis of this period was defined by Pascal Lorot, who noted its applications as a way to protect prized segments of domestic economies while expanding beneficial trade. From 2001 to 2016, the USA was focused on two wars in the Middle East and the rise of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), lessening policy development in global trade. Along the same timeline, the emergence of Brazil, Russia, India and China (the BRICs) shifted global economic power eastward, with China rising to the status of the world's second largest economy.
