ABSTRACT

Role modeling of a moral virtue admits of great latitude, even eccentricity, but it must still meet a certain objective standard. Intellectual role modeling provides opportunities to manifest moral virtue, but whereas intellectual virtues manifest themselves in much ordinary communication either to or in the presence of children, moral virtues such as veracity, justice, and beneficence may not be so regularly manifested. Certainly reasons figure in the exercise of intellectual virtues, especially reasons for believing some proposition relevant to the virtue. Aretaic uptake may or may not take root and become "habitual", in the wide sense of being a settled characteristic of the person who has acquired the virtue. Aretaic internality, then, is broadly epistemic and does not imply subjectivity or the relativity in normative matters that goes with it. The difference between subjectivity and internality can also be illustrated by the notion, prominent in Kant's Groundwork, of treating persons as ends.