ABSTRACT
If quantum effects play significant roles in biological environments,
the most likely situation is when they interact with quantum
particles or are quantum-mechanically excited by external agents.
The light-harvesting and energy transfer processes in the early
stage of photosynthesis [1, 2] are well-established examples of such
case. However, whether quantum effects in these systems can be
encapsulated into force parameters/rate constants such that con-
ventional description based on classical dynamics/rate processes
are sufficient, or there are in fact intriguing quantum-dynamical
processes underlying seemingly classical average behavior, is not
clearly understood yet.
