ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the origin and meaning of animal welfare, the principles and practices in the implementation of animal welfare when using laboratory animals in biomedical research, as well as its significance in the improvement of scientific quality. Indeed, advocating animal welfare is not sentimental, but rather a serious ethical, scientific, legal, and political issue. Humans have a moral obligation to make laboratory animals stay in the most comfortable environment. As animals and humans have the same neural structures and physiological functions, pain and distress can also occur in animals. Animal welfare generally emphasizes ensuring animal health and happiness by improving external conditions. The mediation mechanism of stress, known as the physiological basis of stress, refers to the internal process of the body's transformation of the input message into output information, and it is the intermediate link of the stress reaction including psychological and physiological mediation mechanisms.
