ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews the situation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in terms of water security and food security in the region that may subsequently cause movements of people either within Africa or away from SSA totally. It argues that using a country by country analysis, water infrastructure improvements, population dynamics, arable land, and agricultural contributions to the gross domestic product of selected countries in SSA. The chapter identifies some pull and push factors that appear to affect the population flow from rural to urban migration in SSA. It provides an overall view of the SSA region showing the countries within the region, some definitions of water security, food security and environmental refugee, as well as the nature of the tensions that exist within the region in terms of water availability. While the SSA region appears to have enough water availability, the distribution of these waters is uneven between countries.
