ABSTRACT
Batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) and for energy storage are crucial for the future because energy storage is critical in EVs, and it has the potential to be of great value in smart grids with significant solar and wind power generation. Progress in the development of batteries has changed the world. The cost of batteries for EVs has decreased over the last decade, and this has enabled EVs to become competitive with other alternatives. Energy storage with batteries is now of interest for home owners and businesses that generate electricity with solar panels and it is also being used in power grids to help manage loads and supplies in utility systems. Energy storage is one of the alternatives for the management of solar powered charging stations (SPCSs) in parking lots. Tesla uses batteries for energy storage in its Supercharger network to avoid high power demand charges. Energy storage using batteries has been used for many years for off-grid electrical systems. Since wind and solar energy are generated without any control of wind speeds and solar radiation intensity, energy storage added to the grid provides the ability to generate power at one time and use it at another time. This ability mitigates
CONTENTS
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................53 5.2 Batteries .........................................................................................................54 5.3 Battery Costs .................................................................................................55 5.4 Energy Storage .............................................................................................56 5.5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................58 References ............................................................................................................... 59
one of the primary concerns about solar and wind generated energy; maintaining the ability to obtain power whenever it is needed.
