ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm because the algorithm is a relatively simple iterative algorithm that clearly illustrates the application of algorithms to the beam shaping problem. It also discusses the application of popular optimization algorithms to the beam shaping problem. The two types of laser beam shaping techniques are: field mapping and beam integration. The major technique for beam shaping is what could be called field mapping. The field mapping approach to beam shaping is applicable to well-defined single-mode laser beams. Beam shaping design can be approached using either physical or geometrical optics. Beam integrators can be divided into two categories: simple diffracting beam integrator and imaging multiaperture beam integrator. The chapter also discusses the design and characteristics of diffractive diffusers, also called diffuser beam shapers. Diffuser beam shapers are essentially field mappers.
