ABSTRACT

The development of photosynthesis was one of the most fundamental evolutionary processes that shaped recent living organisms. It is generally believed that the ability of oxygen photosynthesis was developed several billion years ago by ancestors of the present cyanobacteria and, later, by the endosymbiosis implemented in algae and higher plants [1,2]. Chloroplasts, which are endosymbionts of the latter, are highly specialized organelles that perform photosynthesis [3].