ABSTRACT

Computational tools are at the core of modern research. In addition to experiment and theory, the notions of simulation and data-intensive discovery are often referred to as “third and fourth pillars” of science [12]. It is probably more accurate to simply accept that computing is now inextricably woven into the DNA of science, as today, even theory and experiment are computational. Experimental work requires computing (whether in data collection, preprocessing, or analysis), and theoretical work requires symbolic manipulation and numerical exploration to develop and refine models. Scanning the pages of any recent scientific journal, one is hard-pressed to find an article that does not depend on computing for its findings.