Optimal cesarean delivery of the twenty-first century

INTRODUCTION Many surgeons tend to adhere to traditions. Most of them will follow methods taught to them by their teachers, who learned them from their own teachers.

The first successful cesarean delivery as described in the modern era was performed by Ferdinand Kehrer on September 25, 1881, in Meckelsheim, Germany [1]. He performed the operation in the house of the patient, while the abdomen was illuminated by an oil lamp. He used a midline incision, and in the following years, along with the development of anesthesia, hygiene, and sterility, many surgeons followed a similar technique until 1897, when Johannes Pfannenstiel introduced the transverse incision as an alternative [2].