ABSTRACT
The basic functions of the small bowel are digestion and assimilation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed with small bowel contrast using water or locust bean gum. A long endoscope is inserted into the duodenum, a balloon is inflated, and gut peristalsis carries the scope to the caecum, as confirmed by X-ray screening. Isotope scintigraphy involves intravenous administration of a radio-labelled compound or autologous cells. Breath tests are used in the detection of bacterial overgrowth, the demonstration of carbo hydrate malabsorption and the assessment of small bowel transit time. The 14C-glycocholate breath test can show bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. Malabsorption is either due to small bowel disease, bacterial overgrowth or pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Treatment is of the underlying condition. Surgery is not indicated because there is widespread disease. Rupture of the mucosal component causes bleeding. It commonly occurs in the right colon but also occurs in the stomach and small intestine.
