ABSTRACT
Echocardiography is the central imaging test used in the evaluation and follow-up of patients with suspected or established pulmonary hypertension (PH), with a track record spanning >60 years. Echocardiography has evolved from A-mode, B-mode, M-mode, to 2-dimensional (2D) and Doppler echocardiography, empowering the clinician to noninvasively measure chamber size and function, quantify valvular dysfunction, and estimate intravascular and intracavitary pressures. More recently, techniques such as 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography and strain imaging have enhanced the accuracy and sensitivity of functional measures, thereby yielding incremental prognostic data.
