ABSTRACT
An aspect that challenges the contrast/synthesis logic, underpinned by the recognition of a crisis of language, is the change in paradigm from a literature that deals with a Brazil characterized by strangeness but decipherable nonetheless, to the paradigm of a Brazil that treats a significant part of its population as "homeless". This chapter reconsiders the equation that defines people as a society stitched together with threads of contrast and synthesis, choose from the possible approaches, one that shows them the point of view of a segment excluded from privilege within Brazilian society. Today Roger Bastide's vision of sociological studies in Brazil depends without doubt on the key idea of relativism. Reflecting on the functioning of Brazilian society implies by extension that one experiences the many paradoxes that permeate it. The history of black and/or Afro-Brazilian literature shows that the writers' fight for human rights was reflected in the content of their literary works.
