ABSTRACT
A clandestine network of violent right-wingers operating in a hostile state is an entirely different type of challenge than deradicalizing from a right-wing militia, for example, supported by a government, or a right-wing organization controlling territory. This chapter aims to analyse how variations in territorial control influence the strategies that may be applied to deradicalize or disengage individuals. Yet, the demobilization and reintegration (DDR) literature suffers from some of the drawbacks also seen in the disengagement and deradicalization literature. United Nations operations with DDR elements increasingly take place in situations in which one of the belligerents is seen as a spoiler and viewed with hostility by the DDR implementers. The DDR literature is thus valuable for organizations and governments doing deradicalization in conflict zones, as it increasingly has dealt with problems concerning territorial control. Newer versions of DDR programmes, deployed for a conflict rather than a post-conflict situation, seem more relevant.
