ABSTRACT
Public policing in Canada is carried out at four levels: federal, provincial, municipal, and First Nations. In addition, there are private security services and para-police services. e latter are generally staed by ocers with Special Constable status. Five Canadian police services-the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), the Toronto Police Service, the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP), the Sûreté du Québec (SQ), and the Service de police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM)—account for just over 60% of all police ocers in Canada.
