ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the early emergence of Dalit identity in Tamil Nadu rooted in the cultural moorings of the non-Brahmin movement leading to a deeper consciousness and identity. It also discusses important reasons for the emergence of Dalit organisations in Tamil Nadu in the post-independence period, following the rejection of Dravidian identity. The conscious construction of the distinct Dalit identity was a work of number of the intellectuals from the depressed classes in the late 19th century such as the Ayothidas, Masilmani, Maduraiar and Appaduriar. The organised demands of the depressed classes gained importance as soon as the Justice Ministry assumed office and were voiced mainly through the resolutions and questions passed in the legislative council by their 10 nominated members mostly on the representation in public services, appointment of the depressed classes to certain posts like that of peon and job reservations for the Scheduled Castes.
