ABSTRACT

This chapter discusses the process of peacebuilding and reconstruction that took place in Somaliland, in the aftermath of the collapse of the state in Somalia in 1991. The case of Somaliland is significant in illustrating that the Somali context does not merely feature fragility, insecurity, and armed conflict but also holds important lessons on peace processes. The chapter offers a brief historical contextualisation, discussing the different colonial experiences of Somaliland and Somalia, post-colonial competitions over state resources, and the eruption of civil war under the dictatorship of Siad Barre. It explains the dynamics and nature of northern resistance and armed struggle against Barre, up until the eventual defeat of the latter in 1991. The chapter presents an analysis of the nature of, and key agency behind, the peace processes in Somaliland, following its declaration of independence and the defeat of Barre. It discusses different instances of intervention and ensuing effects on local peace and order.