ABSTRACT
Samuel Huntington states that social conflicts are the result of clashes across civilizations and religions. The Clash of Civilizations has been the most discussed approach in which cultures and religions are apprehended as the independent variable. Huntington states that social conflicts are the result of clashes across civilizations and religions. Exploring the diffusion of the modernization/democratization/secularization triad could be a good place to start. Drawing on the historical experience of Western countries, the academic consensus in political science has emerged that modernization, democratization, and secularization are inextricably linked in any process of political development. The use of Western secular techniques in law and constitutions created a strong connection between Islam and politics and contributed to the redefinition of Islam as a political norm in ways unknown under the Muslim empires. The matrix of long-term ideas, such as the necessity of separating religion and politics, shapes political imagery and cultures.
