First a Basic Service for All

This chapter examines the implications of new SDG targets and indicators for WASH funding and financing strategies. In particular, the implications for the costs of new service provision aspirations are considered, and how those costs could be covered. Throughout, the focus is on how inequalities in WASH service access can be achieved via more equitable funding and financing strategies. Three detailed country examples are provided: the experience of providers accessing commercial finance in Kenya, the implications of distributing subsidies through tariffs in Tunisia, and options for cross-subsidisation of sanitation in Kenya. It is argued that ‘first a basic service for all’ is likely to be a more realistic and equitable interim goal than ‘safely managed for all’. However, since those without basic access are the least able to pay, sources of funding beyond tariffs will remain critically important for reducing inequalities.