ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews a range of different approaches to policy activism and considers particularly those that draw from the principles of technological development and media activism to generate characteristic forms of policy interventions into media policy. It also reviews key concepts and research findings from the fields of policy studies, social movement studies and media and communication studies regarding the contexts, conditions and strategies of policy activists. The chapter identifies several distinct practices and addresses each of those with examples and case studies from different countries and media sectors. As civil society initiatives often re-assemble components from other policies and tinker with the law, their practice has been called 'policy hacking'. Advocating for policy change in direct interaction with policymakers is at the core of civil society-based policy activism. The chapter discusses set of conclusions from the case studies regarding the opportunities and challenges of media policy activism.
