ABSTRACT
This chapter shows how translation has contributed to the international dissemination of Hispanic comics and graphic novels. It presents an overview of the comic and graphic novel scene in the Iberian Peninsula, followed by some insights regarding the Latin American context. The chapter demonstrates how graphic literature throughout the Spanish-speaking world has been fuelled by the appearance of new authors and publishers, and how translation activity is inextricably linked to the production and distribution of comics and graphic novels. Comics and graphic novels have found their place in academia as an interdisciplinary field studied from the perspective of disciplines such as cultural studies, philosophy, sociology, narratology, semiotics and visual culture studies. However, the translation of comics and graphic novels is characterized as “constrained translation” due to spatial limitations such as speech balloons and panels, which impose additional restrictions depending on the language.
