ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The increasing burden of CVD's is mainly driven by globalisation, westernisation, industrialisation and urbanisation. These trends are strongly linked with changes in individual and societal lifestyle such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, reduced physical activity and adoption of Western' diets that are high in salt, refined sugar and unhealthy fat and oils. Overall, LMIC's are experiencing rising trends in both behavioural and physiological risk factors for CVD with increasing urbanisation. These lifestyle factors have been demonstrated to be strong behavioural risk factors for CVD. Based on the American Heart Association Guide for Improving Cardiovascular Health at the Community Level, they defined prevention of CVD as healthy lifestyle adjustments. Some community studies such as the national programme in Mauritius and the regional programmes in Iran, Indonesia, India, China and South Africa have demonstrated significant reductions in cardiovascular risk factors.
