ABSTRACT
From the middle of the seventeenth century, images of the so-called witch of Endor, the female necromancer and diviner from the biblical story of King Saul in I Samuel 28, began to appear in greater numbers, in a greater variety of media, and as a subject appropriate for artistic consideration. Unique in the images of the witch of Endor is the rosary - certainly an instrument for conducting diabolical magic according to pious Lutherans. The iconography of the graveyard also appears, in images of the witch of Endor in the 1700 and 1702 Augsburg picture Bibles illustrated by Johann Ulrich Krauss. More images of witchcraft would feature female witches performing acts of invocation with their wands or staffs. Through a fusion of the arts of witchcraft primarily figured visually as female and the arts of ritual magic figured as male, the woman of Endor serves to represent witchcraft as a demonic invocatory art dependent on the power of demons.
