ABSTRACT
This chapter analyses, from an US perspective, the different legal mechanisms affecting, if not influencing, Arctic hydrocarbon development, providing a roadmap of issues useful for diverse Arctic constituencies. It reviews business, environmental and legal considerations including state and federal laws contending with offshore Alaskan hydrocarbon extraction, such as the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA) and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Related issues include the implementation of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), affecting and shaping Alaskan land use law. The chapter discusses the impact and importance of native Alaskan rights through an introduction of US state and federal tribal law. In addition to a survey of key issues affecting multiple stakeholders, the chapter suggests that increasing Arctic interest has created enhanced cooperative opportunities. Recognising the multiplicity of stakeholders with Alaskan Arctic equities will ensure a balanced approach to the opportunities and challenges flowing from Arctic OCS development.
