ABSTRACT
The Mediterranean Basin, including the Black Sea Basin region, comprises 24 countries with some of the most heterogeneous eco-climatic topographies whose groundwater quality is now under threat due to human activities that are rapidly affecting the region’s hydrological cycle. Groundwater has always been important to the region. According to Andreo and Dura (2008) cuneiform tablets provided the first reference to hydrological exploration, with an expedition in 852 B.C. by Assyrian King Salmanassar III to the headwaters of the Tigris, where spring water was obtained to supply his city. In Biblical times, groundwater was used for water supply to Sinai, Jerusalem and other cities.
