ABSTRACT
This chapter explains how Xenophon got there in his thinking by examining the supposed 'Panhellenic' moments in the Anabasis, particularly those concerning the establishment of Greek settlements in the East. It suggests that Xenophon's personal experience as a leader of a campaign against the Persians, which ultimately failed as a Panhellenic enterprise, motivated him to write the work as a response to Panhellenic apologists like Isocrates, who were appropriating the legend of the Ten Thousand to bolster the prospects of an invasion and takeover of Asia. The chapter examines his proposals in the Poroi, which break new ground by making economic interdependency and mutualism and diplomacy the catalysts for a lasting and universal peace. By insisting that the Athenians seek a non-imperialistic solution to their socio-economic problems, Xenophon was at odds with many of his contemporaries over the issue of war and peace.
