ABSTRACT

More recent studies of the innocentine materials in the Codex Udalrici have dispelled the suspicions of forgery. These findings in turn prompt a reappraisal of Pope Innocent II's attitude towards the German court. The renewed efforts of Innocent II and his electors to obtain the support of King Lothar III were immediately followed by a series of letters from the Anacletan party. The process of revision is visible in the dedicatory letter of the Libellus de ordine donorum Sancti Spiritus composed in the last years of Innocent II's pontificate by the distinguished theologian Gerhoch, provost of Reichersberg. Gerhoch was acutely aware of both the concerns of the eleventh-century reformers and the ideas of righteous warfare prevalent in the early decades of the crusading movement. Innocent II's renewed initiative of May and June 1130 met with no more of a response from Lothar III than that of February.