ABSTRACT

Dual use, when it involves biomedical or life science research, presents the following problem: technology and the knowledge derived from research can be used for the good of society or for ill, depending on the intention of the user (Selgelid 2009a; Forge 2010). Discoveries resulting from biomedical or life science research have various public health benefits, but if used improperly or maliciously, they can endanger people’s health, the environment and public safety (Selgelid 2009b). The main purpose of this chapter is to address the international challenge of cross-border risk posed by dual use governance, which is now an explosive political issue.