ABSTRACT
There are two important factors in the successful development of South Korea: technological innovation and science and technology (S&T) manpower. This chapter discusses the role of S&T manpower in accumulating indigenous technological capabilities in developing countries and reviews some literature on South Korean experiences. It analyses the changes in South Korean industrial structures and S&T performance. The chapter also analyses the historical development of S&T manpower since the beginning of South Korean economic development. It also discusses the detailed initiatives of the South Korean government for nurturing and developing S&T manpower in the process of economic development. South Korea has nurtured and developed lots of S&T manpower since the beginning of its industrialization. In this process the South Korean government has played an essential role and has implemented a series of important S&T manpower policies. The government recognised the importance of strong relationship between industrial development and the development of labour forces.
