ABSTRACT
None, or very few, primate fossils were used in human phylogenetic hypotheses from 1860 to 1890. Among the scholars reviewed in the previous chapters, only Wallace referred to two primate fossils (Pliopithecus and Dryopithecus) which he affiliated with the gibbon line. Wallace used them merely as chronological or geological markers in order to establish the probable time of separation between the humans and the hominoid apes.
