ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a definition of expertise and discuss how expertise is measured in scientific research. It reviews evidence from recent research examining individual differences in expertise, including both domain-general and domain-specific factors. The chapter describes a multifactorial model of expertise and discusses predictions stemming from this model, particularly regarding the role of interests as a primary factor in learning and the development of expertise. It also provides several future directions for research on the role of interests in expertise over the lifespan. The chapter examines interests as a key motivator for selecting a domain of expertise and then engaging in deliberate practice and other forms of domain-specific experience. A multifactorial perspective should incorporate interests, and also follow up on the personal, social, and situational factors that together can facilitate or limit interests and aspirations, and therefore subsequent development of expertise.
