ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the development, presentation, and measurement of Synthetic environments (SEs) for training and assessment. The engaging nature of well-designed SEs encourages students to explore the environment and demonstrate behaviors as they would or should in a real situation. This performance leads to retention of content, but also motivation to continue learning that extends the cycle. One of the theoretical bases for use of SEs in training and assessment is the constructivist approach advocated by Mayer and others. The chapter describes learning as an active role taken on by students, in environments that emphasize realistic tasks and dynamic feedback and guidance. The cognitive components of gaining knowledge and behavioral aspects associated with learning a skill suggest that the careful design of SEs is critical to creating a platform for successful learning. SEs has traditionally been used for training of hands-on skills. Some subsequent SEs have continued this trend, particularly in surgical simulation.
