ABSTRACT
This chapter argues the expansion and role of the public bureaucracy are affected by the position of any particular Arab state along these three scales. Given that we could not cover all Arab states in detail, the study has concentrated on Egypt on the one hand, and three Gulf states (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates) on the other. It is remarkable how extensively and rapidly the bureaucracy has expanded in practically all Arab countries, even though the relative weight of the various causes of this expansion has differed from one type of country to another. Proportionately, too much attention has been given to formal higher education in comparison with technical education and vocational training in all Arab countries. In most countries of the world, educational expansion has in fact followed, not preceded, industrial development.
