ABSTRACT
A series of recent statistical reports have called attention to the rapid rise of China's research and development expenditures. The incipient transformation of Chinese science and technology was not only inspired by the experiences of the OECD countries. China also actively exploited the opportunities afforded by the closer contact with these countries made possible by the open-door policy. The transformation of Chinese science and technology over the past 35 years is usefully understood as a combination of a creative exploitation of resources in the international environment and an evolving set of domestic policies focusing on the provision of material resources for scientific development and ongoing institutional reform. The national reform program carries implications for a variety of research performers. Hence, as reflected in both quantitative and qualitative indicators, there is no doubt that the changes in Chinese science and technology are transforming China into a major power in science and technology.
