ABSTRACT
Marx follows the strategy of detaching the exposition of consciousness in its manifestations from the framework of the philosophy of identity. Objective idealism attempts to render the being-in-itself of nature comprehensible as a presupposition of absolute mind that has not been discerned as such by subjective mind. What Marx opposes to this is no coarse materialism. It is true that he first appears to be renewing the naturalism of Feuerbach's anthropology. In opposition to Feuerbach Marx certainly emphasizes, beside the bodily attributes of an organism dependent on its environment, the adaptive modes of behavior and active expressions of life of an active natural being. In opposition to Hegel's position in the Phenomenology, Marx holds the conviction that the self-reflection of consciousness discloses the fundamental structures of social labor, discovering therein the synthesis of the objectively active natural being man. Fichte and Hegel take transcendental logic in order to reconstruct respectively the act of the absolute ego from pure apperception.
