ABSTRACT

Taking a global, multicultural, social, and economic perspective, this work explores the diverse and colourful history of human attire. From prehistoric times to the age of globalization, articles cover the evolution of clothing utility, style, production, and commerce, including accessories (shoes, hats, gloves, handbags, and jewellery) for men, women, and children.

Dress for different climates, occupations, recreational activities, religious observances, rites of passages, and other human needs and purposes - from hunting and warfare to sports and space exploration - are examined in depth and detail. Fashion and design trends in diverse historical periods, regions and countries, and social and ethnic groups constitute a major area of coverage, as does the evolution of materials (from animal fur to textiles to synthetic fabrics) and production methods (from sewing and weaving to industrial manufacturing and computer-aided design). Dress as a reflection of social status, intellectual and artistic trends, economic conditions, cultural exchange, and modern media marketing are recurring themes. Influential figures and institutions in fashion design, industry and manufacturing, retail sales, production technologies, and related fields are also covered.

chapter

Introduction

part |652 pages

A–Z Entries

letter |46 pages

A

entry |3 pages

Academic Garb

entry |3 pages

Accessories

entry |5 pages

Advertising

entry |3 pages

African American Clothing and Fashion

entry |5 pages

African Clothing, Northern

entry |5 pages

African Clothing, Sub-Saharan

entry |3 pages

American Western Clothing

entry |4 pages

Amerindian Clothing, Pre-Columbian

entry |5 pages

Amerindian Clothing, Post-Contact

entry |3 pages

Amulets

entry |3 pages

Appliqué

entry |2 pages

Aprons

entry |3 pages

Arctic Attire

entry |2 pages

Armani, Giorgio (1934–)

entry |4 pages

Armor

entry |3 pages

Art and Media, Fashion

entry |3 pages

Art Nouveau and Art Deco Fashion

entry |2 pages

Athletic Shoes

entry |2 pages

Avedon, Richard (1923–2004)

letter |54 pages

B

entry |4 pages

Baby Clothes

entry |2 pages

Badges and Insignias

entry |3 pages

Balenciaga, Cristóbal (1895–1972)

entry |2 pages

Balmain, Pierre (1914–1982)

entry |2 pages

Batiking

entry |2 pages

Beads and Beading

entry |3 pages

Beaton, Cecil (1904–1980)

entry |2 pages

Beene, Geoffrey (1925–2004)

entry |2 pages

Belle Époque Fashion

entry |3 pages

Belts and Suspenders

entry |2 pages

Blankets

entry |2 pages

Blass, Bill (1922–2002)

entry |3 pages

Bloomer, Amelia (1818–1894)

entry |3 pages

Bodices

entry |2 pages

Body Painting

entry |3 pages

Body Piercing

entry |2 pages

Bohemian Style and Fashion

entry |2 pages

Bond Clothing Stores

entry |5 pages

Boots

entry |2 pages

Boutiques

entry |3 pages

Brassieres

entry |2 pages

Breechcloths

entry |5 pages

British Clothing and Fashion

entry |2 pages

Brummell, Beau (1778–1840)

entry |2 pages

Burberry, Thomas (1835–1926)

entry |4 pages

Burial Garb

entry |5 pages

Burka

entry |4 pages

Business Attire

entry |2 pages

Byzantine Clothing

letter |77 pages

C

entry |2 pages

Calico

entry |3 pages

Canes and Swagger Sticks

entry |2 pages

Cardin, Pierre (1922–)

entry |1 pages

Carnival Costumes

entry |2 pages

Cassini, Oleg (1913–2006)

entry |2 pages

Catalogs, Clothing and Fashion

entry |5 pages

Central American, Mexican, and Caribbean Clothing

entry |3 pages

Chanel, Coco (1883–1971)

entry |3 pages

Children's Clothing, Boys

entry |4 pages

Children's Clothing, Girls

entry |3 pages

Chinese Clothing

entry |4 pages

Circus Costumes

entry |2 pages

Claiborne, Liz (1929–2007)

entry |3 pages

Clan Attire

entry |4 pages

Cloaks and Capes

entry |4 pages

Club and Organizational Attire

entry |4 pages

Coats and Jackets

entry |4 pages

Cobblery

entry |4 pages

Collars

entry |4 pages

Color Trends

entry |4 pages

Coming-of-Age Attire

entry |3 pages

Corsets and Girdles

entry |6 pages

Cosmetics

entry |4 pages

Costume Design, Film

entry |3 pages

Costume Design, Theater

entry |2 pages

Costume Parties

entry |5 pages

Cotton and Cotton Products

entry |3 pages

Cotton Trade

entry |3 pages

Courtship Attire

entry |2 pages

Couturiers

entry |3 pages

Cross-Dressing

entry |4 pages

Crowns and Tiaras

entry |3 pages

Customs, Lore, and Myth

letter |25 pages

D

entry |4 pages

Dance Costumes

entry |2 pages

de la Renta, Oscar (1932–)

entry |2 pages

Denim and Jeans

entry |4 pages

Department Stores

entry |1 pages

Design

entry |2 pages

Dior, Christian (1905–1957)

entry |3 pages

Disguise and Spy Wear

entry |3 pages

Divinities

entry |2 pages

Dolls, Fashion

entry |3 pages

Dress Codes and Conventions

entry |2 pages

Dress Reform

entry |3 pages

Dresses and Dressmaking

entry |2 pages

Dry Cleaning

entry |4 pages

Dyeing

letter |30 pages

E

entry |4 pages

Eastern European Clothing

entry |3 pages

Eco-fashion

entry |2 pages

Education, Fashion

entry |3 pages

Edwardian Styles and Fashions

entry |4 pages

Elderly, Clothing for the

entry |3 pages

Elizabethan Styles and Fashions

entry |2 pages

Elle

entry |4 pages

Embroidery

entry |3 pages

Equestrian Attire

entry |3 pages

Erté (1892–1990)

entry |1 pages

Esquire

entry |4 pages

Ethnic and National Dress

entry |2 pages

Eton Style

entry |3 pages

Eyeglasses

letter |34 pages

F

entry |3 pages

Fans, Hand

entry |3 pages

Farming Attire

entry |3 pages

Fashion Design

entry |1 pages

Fashion Photography

entry |3 pages

Fashion Plates

entry |3 pages

Fasteners

entry |4 pages

Feathers

entry |2 pages

Felt

entry |3 pages

Feminist Styles and Fashions

entry |3 pages

Fibers, Natural

entry |4 pages

Fibers, Synthetic

entry |3 pages

Flowers

entry |2 pages

Formal Attire, Female

entry |3 pages

Formal Attire, Male

entry |4 pages

French Clothing and Fashion

entry |4 pages

Fur

letter |17 pages

G

entry |2 pages

Gap

entry |2 pages

Gendered Dressing

entry |3 pages

Gimbel Brothers

entry |2 pages

Givenchy, Hubert de (1927–)

entry |2 pages

Glamour

entry |3 pages

Globalization

entry |3 pages

Gloves

entry |3 pages

Godey's Lady's Book

entry |2 pages

GQ

entry |3 pages

Greek Clothing, Ancient

entry |2 pages

Gucci, Guccio (1881–1953)

letter |35 pages

H

entry |2 pages

Haberdashers

entry |4 pages

Hairdressing

entry |2 pages

Halloween Costumes

entry |2 pages

Halston, Roy (1932–1990)

entry |3 pages

Handbags

entry |3 pages

Handkerchiefs

entry |2 pages

Harper's Bazaar

entry |2 pages

Hats, Men's

entry |2 pages

Hats, Women's

entry |2 pages

Haute Couture

entry |3 pages

Head, Edith (1897–1981)

entry |2 pages

Headdress, Formal

entry |2 pages

Headdress, Functional

entry |3 pages

Helmets, Military

entry |3 pages

Hides

entry |2 pages

Hippie and Mod Fashion

entry |3 pages

Holiday Costumes

entry |3 pages

Hosiery, Men's

entry |3 pages

Hosiery, Women's

entry |4 pages

Hunting and Fishing Attire

letter |5 pages

I

entry |3 pages

Indian and Pakistani Clothing

entry |2 pages

Ironing

entry |2 pages

Italian Clothing and Fashion

letter |10 pages

J

entry |2 pages

Jacquard, Joseph Marie (1752–1834)

entry |3 pages

Japanese Clothing and Fashion

entry |3 pages

Jewels and Jewelry

entry |3 pages

Jewish Religious Attire

entry |2 pages

Jones, Robert Edmond (1887–1954)

letter |11 pages

K

entry |2 pages

Klein, Calvin (1942–)

entry |3 pages

Knitting and Crocheting

entry |3 pages

Knitwear

entry |1 pages

Knockoff Fashions

entry |4 pages

Korean Clothing and Fashion

letter |33 pages

L

entry |2 pages

L.L. Bean

entry |2 pages

Labels

entry |3 pages

Lace and Tatting

entry |3 pages

Lacing

entry |2 pages

Lanvin, Jeanne (1867–1946)

entry |4 pages

Latino Styles and Fashions

entry |3 pages

Laundry

entry |2 pages

Lauren, Ralph (1939–)

entry |4 pages

Leather and Suede

entry |3 pages

Legal and Judicial Attire

entry |3 pages

Leisure Wear

entry |3 pages

Linen

entry |3 pages

Lingerie

entry |3 pages

Livery and Heraldry

entry |2 pages

Logging Attire

entry |4 pages

Looms

entry |3 pages

Lord & Taylor

letter |35 pages

M

entry |2 pages

Macy's

entry |2 pages

Mail Order

entry |3 pages

Mardi Gras and Carnival Costumes

entry |2 pages

Marks – Spencer

entry |3 pages

Masks and Masking

entry |3 pages

Maternity Clothes

entry |3 pages

Medical Attire

entry |4 pages

Medieval European Clothing

entry |2 pages

Merchandising

entry |3 pages

Mesopotamian Clothing

entry |2 pages

Microfiber

entry |3 pages

Middle Eastern Clothing

entry |3 pages

Mining Attire and Protective Gear

entry |2 pages

Miyake, Issey (1938–)

entry |4 pages

Models and Modeling

entry |2 pages

Monogramming

entry |2 pages

Motley

entry |4 pages

Mourning Attire

entry |3 pages

Museums, Clothing and Textile

entry |2 pages

Muslim Religious Attire

letter |13 pages

N

entry |3 pages

Nail Art

entry |2 pages

Napoleonic Styles and Fashions

entry |3 pages

Needle and Thread

entry |2 pages

Noble, Princely, and Chivalric Attire

entry |3 pages

Nudity and Nudism

entry |4 pages

Nylon

letter |2 pages

O

entry |2 pages

Orientalism

letter |34 pages

P

entry |3 pages

Pacific Island Clothing

entry |4 pages

Padding

entry |3 pages

Pageantry

entry |3 pages

Patchwork

entry |2 pages

Patterns

entry |3 pages

Persian/Iranian Clothing

entry |4 pages

Petticoats

entry |3 pages

Photography, Fashion

entry |2 pages

Pin-Up Girls

entry |3 pages

Pockets

entry |3 pages

Polyester

entry |2 pages

Prehistoric Clothing

entry |3 pages

Priestly Attire

entry |3 pages

Printing, Textile

entry |4 pages

Prison Attire

entry |3 pages

Protective and Orthotic Clothing

entry |2 pages

Pucci, Emilio (1914–1992)

letter |2 pages

Q

entry |2 pages

Quant, Mary (1934–)

letter |26 pages

R

entry |2 pages

Rainwear

entry |3 pages

Rationing

entry |3 pages

Rayon

entry |3 pages

Ready-to-Wear

entry |2 pages

Retail Trade

entry |4 pages

Ribbons and Embellishments

entry |3 pages

Ritual Garments

entry |2 pages

Roaring Twenties Styles and Fashions

entry |3 pages

Robes

entry |3 pages

Roman Clothing, Ancient

entry |3 pages

Royal Attire

entry |5 pages

Russian Clothing and Fashion

letter |70 pages

S

entry |2 pages

Saint Laurent, Yves (1936–2008)

entry |3 pages

Satin

entry |2 pages

Schiaparelli, Elsa (1890–1973)

entry |2 pages

School Attire

entry |2 pages

Seventeen

entry |3 pages

Sewing Machines

entry |3 pages

Shell Ornaments

entry |3 pages

Shirts and Blouses

entry |5 pages

Shoes, Men's

entry |4 pages

Shoes, Women's

entry |3 pages

Silk and Sericulture

entry |3 pages

Silk Trade

entry |3 pages

Skirts

entry |3 pages

Sleepwear

entry |4 pages

Sleeves and Cuffs

entry |3 pages

Slippers

entry |4 pages

Social Status

entry |1 pages

Socks

entry |3 pages

South American Clothing

entry |3 pages

Southeast Asian Clothing

entry |3 pages

Space Suits

entry |2 pages

Spandex

entry |3 pages

Spanish and Portuguese Clothing

entry |3 pages

Spinning, Textile

entry |2 pages

Sports Attire, Competitive

entry |2 pages

Sports Attire, Recreational

entry |3 pages

Standard Sizing

entry |1 pages

Stockings

entry |3 pages

Storage, Clothing

entry |2 pages

Strauss, Levi (1829–1902)

entry |5 pages

Sumptuary Laws

entry |4 pages

Sweaters

entry |3 pages

Sweatshops

entry |3 pages

Swimwear

entry |4 pages

Symbolic Colors, Patterns, and Motifs

letter |24 pages

T

entry |2 pages

T-Shirts

entry |3 pages

Tailoring

entry |3 pages

Teen Trends

entry |5 pages

Textile Manufacturing

entry |3 pages

Textile Trade

entry |3 pages

Tie-Dye

entry |2 pages

Ties and Cravats

entry |2 pages

Town & Country

entry |3 pages

Travel Attire

entry |3 pages

Trousers

entry |2 pages

Tunics and Togas

entry |1 pages

Twiggy (1949–)

letter |14 pages

U

entry |2 pages

Umbrellas and Parasols

entry |2 pages

Undergarments

entry |1 pages

Ungaro, Emanuel (1933–)

entry |3 pages

Uniforms, Law Enforcement

entry |3 pages

Uniforms, Military

entry |2 pages

Uniforms, Occupational

entry |3 pages

Uniforms, Sports

entry |3 pages

Unisex Clothing

letter |17 pages

V

entry |2 pages

Vanity Fair

entry |4 pages

Veils and Veiling

entry |2 pages

Velcro

entry |4 pages

Velvet

entry |2 pages

Versace, Gianni (1946–1997)

entry |2 pages

Vests

entry |3 pages

Victorian Styles and Fashions

entry |2 pages

Vintage Clothing

entry |3 pages

Vogue

entry |2 pages

Vuitton, Louis (1821–1892)

letter |22 pages

W

entry |2 pages

Wang, Vera (1949–)

entry |2 pages

Weaving

entry |5 pages

Wedding Dress

entry |4 pages

Whalebone

entry |5 pages

Wigs

entry |2 pages

Women's Wear Daily

entry |3 pages

Wool and Wool Products

entry |3 pages

Wool Trade

entry |3 pages

Worth, Charles Frederick (1825–1895)

letter |4 pages

Y

entry |4 pages

Yarn