ABSTRACT
This chapter analyzes the available evidence and considers some of the reasons why neurofeedback training remains only a minor player in applied sport science. It focuses on exploring some key methodological shortcomings and interpretational caveats that pervade much of the extant neurofeedback research. The chapter provides a concise introduction to neurofeedback training, and a critical and balanced view of the state of knowledge regarding neurofeedback and sport performance. Neurofeedback training provides researchers with an exciting opportunity to manipulate selective features of brain activity and then observe its direct consequences on thoughts, feelings, and actions. The chapter discusses available evidence to assess the efficacy of neurofeedback training in sport, and allow the reader to form their own opinion about whether a neurofeedback intervention in their sport/with their athletes would be worthwhile. The origins of alpha-theta training stem from evidence that innovative ideas often occur during the transition period between wakefulness and sleep.
