ABSTRACT
This chapter follows the convention of using the terms Hawaiian and Native Hawaiian as synonymous cultural labels designating people who maintain claims of genealogical connection to ancestors who inhabited the islands prior to the arrival of Captain Cook in 1778. The chapter explores some religious consequences of this omnipresent state. Inspired by Lori Beaman and others and take an approach that considers establishment issues in a broad sense. In recognition of this, author analysis proceeds by way of three heuristic frameworks, each describing a specific modality of the establishment of Native Hawaiian traditions by the State: statutory establishment, structural establishment and naturalized establishment. Statutory establishment refers to specific legal mechanisms that enfranchise and constrict Native Hawaiian religious voices and evidence as, for example, in the context of the State's burial law. Naturalized establishment was there in the form of the Church's contract archaeologist surveying the scene in silence.
